COMPLEXIS 2017 Abstracts

Area 1 - Complexity in Biology and Biomedical Engineering

Full Papers

Paper Nr:	17
Title:	A Network of Networks to Reproduce the Electrical Features of an Aptamer-ligand Complex - What an Electrical Network Tells about Affinity
Authors:	Eleonora Alfinito, Rosella Cataldo and Lino Reggiani
Abstract:	The increasing interest in the production and selection of aptamers for therapeutic and diagnostic applications yields many studies in recent years. Most of them investigated the production techniques, usually performed in vitro, but also the possibility of an in silico selection. Due to their specific ability of target-inhibition, some aptamers are under clinical trials, and some other were just patented by several pharmaceutical companies. However, the mechanism of aptamer-ligand formation is not completely understood. In this paper we explore the possibility to describe some topological and electrical features of the aptamer TBA alone and complexed with thrombin, its specific ligand, by using a network consisting of two different networks. The results are quite intriguing, confirming some conjectures about the different role of two cations, i.e. Na+ and K+, in stabilizing the compound. Furthermore, this study suggests the use of resistance measurements to discriminate among different affinities.
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Short Papers

Paper Nr:	6
Title:	Improvement of the Detection of the QRS Complex, T and P Waves in an Electrocardiogram Signal using 12 Leads versus 2 Leads
Authors:	Maxime Yochum, Charlotte Renaud and Sabir Jacquir
Abstract:	The electrical field potential of the heart recorded from the thoracic part of the human body is depicted by the electrocardiogram signal. This last one is complex and depends on many factors: Position of heart, thickness of the body skin, surface electrode conductivity, acquisition noise and many others. In clinical use, the ECG signal is analysed using twelve leads but in many works in the literature, the analysis methods of the ECG is based on two leads. We present a new method to delineate QRS complexes and T and P waves from electrocardiogram signal. It is based on the continuous wavelet transform. The method is applied on several leads, recorded simultaneously, to improve the localization of the detection. Indeed, if a delineation method is applied on only one lead with some disturbances in it, the result of the delineation could be affected. As the method proposed here merges the result of several leads, the delineation is less affected by disturbances on few leads. The results from this method and from a doctor in medicine are compared. That shows the good ability to separate waves and the enhancement of delineation accuracy when several leads are used.
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Paper Nr:	18
Title:	Probing Complexity with Epidemics: A New Reactive Immunization Strategy
Authors:	E. Alfinito, M. Beccaria, A. Fachechi and G. Macorini
Abstract:	Epidemic evolution on complex networks strongly depends on their topology and the infection dynamical properties, as highly connected nodes and individuals exposed to the contagion have competing roles in the disease spreading. In this spirit, we propose a new immunization strategy exploiting the knowledge of network geometry and dynamical information about the spreading infection. The flexibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are successfully tested with numerical simulations on a wide set of complex networks.
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Paper Nr:	22
Title:	Analysis on the Graph Techniques for Data-mining and Visualization of Heterogeneous Biodiversity Data Sets
Authors:	Víctor Méndez Muñoz, Anna Cohen-Nabeiro, Romain David, Vicente José Ivars Camáñez, Alfons Nonell-Canals, Miquel Angel Senar, Denis Couvet, Jean-pierre Feral, Aurelie Delavaud and Thierry Tatoni
Abstract:	Extisting biodiversity databases contain an abundance of information. To turn such information into knowledge, it is necessary to address several information-model issues. Biodiversity data are collected for various scientific objectives, often even without clear preliminary objectives, may follow different taxonomy standards and organization logic, and be held in multiple file formats and utilising a variety of database technologies. This paper presents a graph catalogue model for the metadata management of biodiversity databases. It explores the possible operation of data mining and visualization to guide the analysis of heterogeneous biodiversity data. In particular, we would propose contributions to the problems of (1) the analysis of heterogeneous distributed data found across different databases, (2) the identification of matches and approximations between data sets, and (3) the identificaton of relationships between various databases. This paper describes a proof of concept of an infrastructure testbed and its basic operations, presenting an evaluation of the resulting system in comparison with the ideal expectations of the ecologist.
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Area 2 - Complexity in Informatics, Automation and Networking

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Paper Nr:	2
Title:	Security Against Collective Attacks of a Modified BB84 QKD Protocol with Information only in One Basis
Authors:	Michel Boyer, Rotem Liss and Tal Mor
Abstract:	The Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol BB84 has been proven secure against several important types of attacks: the collective attacks and the joint attacks. Here we analyze the security of a modified BB84 protocol, for which information is sent only in the z basis while testing is done in both the z and the x bases, against collective attacks. The proof follows the framework of a previous paper (Boyer et al., 2009), but it avoids the classical information-theoretical analysis that caused problems with composability. We show that this modified BB84 protocol is as secure against collective attacks as the original BB84 protocol, and that it requires more bits for testing.
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Paper Nr:	7
Title:	Parallelism Strategies for Neurophysiological Delayed Transfer Entropy Data Processing - Towards Causal Inference in Big Data
Authors:	Jonas Rossi Dourado, José Roberto B. de A. Monteiro, Daniel Rodrigues de Lima, Michel Bessani and Carlos Dias Maciel
Abstract:	Nowadays, the amount of data being generated and collected has been rising with the popularization of technologies such as Internet of Things, social media, and smartphone. The increasing amount of data led the creation of the term big data. One class of Big Data hidden information is causality. Among the tools to infer causal relationships there is Delayed Transfer Entropy (DTE); however, it has a high demanding processing power. Many approaches were proposed to overcome DTE performance issues such as GPU and FPGA implementations. Our approach is to compare different parallel strategies to calculate DTE from neurophysiological time series using a heterogeneous Beowulf cluster aiming to increase DTE performance.

Short Papers

Paper Nr:	9
Title:	A Data-aware MultiWorkflow Scheduler for Clusters on WorkflowSim
Authors:	César Acevedo, Porfidio Hernández, Antonio Espinosa and Victor Mendez
Abstract:	Most scientific workflows are defined as Direct Acyclic Graphs. Despite DAGs are very expressive to reflect dependencies relationships, current approaches are not aware of the storage physiognomy in terms of performance and capacity. Provide information about temporal storage allocation on data intensive applications helps to avoid performance issues. Nevertheless, we need to evaluate several combinations of data file locations and application scheduling. Simulation is one of the most popular evaluation methods in scientific workflow execution to develop new storage-aware scheduling techniques or improve existing ones, to test scalability and repetitiveness. This paper presents a multiworkflow store-aware scheduler policy as an extension of WorkflowSim, enabling its combination with other WorkflowSim scheduling policies and the possibility of evaluating a wide range of storage and file allocation possibilities. This paper also presents a proof of concept of a real world implementation of a storage-aware scheduler to validate the accuracy of the WorkflowSim extension and the scalability of our scheduler technique. The evaluation on several environments shows promising results up to 69% of makespan improvement on simulated large scale clusters with an error of the WorflowSim extension between 0,9% and 3% comparing with the real infrastructure implementation.
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Paper Nr:	10
Title:	A Graph-based Analysis of the Corpus of Word Association Norms for Mexican Spanish
Authors:	Victor Mijangos, Julia B. Barrón-Martínez, Natalia Arias-Trejo and Gemma Bel-Enguix
Abstract:	The paper focuses on the study of a graph built on a Corpus of Word Association Norms for Mexican Spanish. We investigate the main features of the graph and the structure of the areas with the strongest connections. An important goal of this work is the analysis of lexical relations between the most representaive nodes in order to understand the psychological mechanisms underlying word associations.
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Paper Nr:	20
Title:	Studying Complex Interactions in Real Time: An XMPP-based Framework for Behavioral Experiments
Authors:	Dan Mønster
Abstract:	The study of human behavior must take into account the social context, and real-time, networked experiments with multiple participants is one increasingly popular way to achieve this. In this paper a framework based on Python and XMPP is presented that aims to make it easy to develop such behavioral experiments. An illustrative example of how the framework can be used is also presented. This example is a real experiment, which is currently gathering data in the lab.
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Area 3 - Complexity in Social Sciences

Short Papers

Paper Nr:	19
Title:	Pro-Natalism Policy, Demography and Democracy - Nonlinear Dynamics Analysis
Authors:	Tal Mor and Yair Rezek
Abstract:	Pro-natal policies, namely promoting human reproduction, are common in many societies, often due to religious, nationalistic, or ethnic reasons. If successful, such policies can have detrimental enviromental impact, increase demand for natural and economical resources, and may lead to demographic changes with poliical consequences. Hence, high fertility rates deserve careful analysis. Here we study, using linear dynamics and non-linear dynamics tools, how high fertility rates may impact demography in Israel. We further comment on potential implications of such scenarios for democracy in Israel.
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Paper Nr:	23
Title:	Data Driven Web Experimentation on Design and Personalization
Authors:	Rasika Irpenwar, Nakul Gupta, Rahul Ignatius and Mathangi Ramanchandran
Abstract:	In today's world for we use online medium for virtually every aspect of our lives. Companies run controlled web experiments to make data driven decisions, to provide an intuitive online experience. We see a big correlation between online customer behaviors and designs and personal treatment, which could be used to create better customer engagement. In this paper we have studied the impact of design elements on chat invites*, by running experiments on a small population, using machine learning algorithms. Based on this we identify significant elements and build the most opportune personalized messages on invites. Statistical results show that, more visitors on the website accept chat invites which are personalized and optimized for the design. At [24]7, we have experimented extensively on user inter- face designs and journey based personalization which resulted in positive impact on our annual revenue.
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Area 4 - Complexity in Computational Intelligence and Future Information Systems

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Paper Nr:	8
Title:	Automatic Tuning of a Local Search Algorithm for Estimating Biological Signals JPDs
Authors:	Daniel R. de Lima, Giuliano Frascati, Carlos D. Maciel and Roberto F. Tavares Neto
Abstract:	The estimation of Joint Probability Distributions (JPD) permeates several bio-signal modeling real world applications. Aiming to provide an efficient solution strategy to a difficult problem that is to estimate the interaction of signals non-simultaneously recorded in biological systems, this paper describes the implementation of local search methods to solve the JPD estimation minimizing the computational time needed. Different strategies were implemented and defined by adjustable parameters in the search algorithms input. With sets of training instances, experiments were executed using Irace, a racing algorithm designed to tune algorithms automatically. The best candidates extracted from those experiments were tested on unseen instances and the results show that Irace were able to find versions of the algorithm with biased strategies that were successful in obtaining the same answers with average fewer iterations than the non-biased one. Moreover, this paper also discusses some peculiarities founded while solving the JPD estimation problem with Gaussian marginal distributions, regarding the robustness of the implemented algorithm according to its parameters and the different instances solved.

Short Papers

Paper Nr:	14
Title:	Semantics and Algebra for Action Logic Monitoring State Transitions
Authors:	Susumu Yamasaki
Abstract:	This position paper is concerned with aspects of an interactive state transition system (based on abstract state machine) by means of the state monitoring in action logic (as multi-modal logic), towards a step to the design for complex systems. Logical models are here presented as theories for implementation design on iDevice, with respect to the algebraic structure caused by state transitions. As a simpler design of complex AI, the environmental constraint is captured as a state, where the function applications are available at each state with the transition to the next states. For communication to the state, and function applications at the state, multi-modal logic model may be of use, where the formula or the condition monitors the state. Then interaction availability is significant, expressed in some algebra on the basis of the meaning definitions for formulas (conditions). By the state transition system, URL searching operations are now formally considered as in algebraic structure. The application of predicates to the states is regarded as applications of functions (transforming conditions) such that its algebraic structure may be given.
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Paper Nr:	21
Title:	Paramo and High-Andean Simulation using Reactive Agents - Hydrological Role of High Andean Ecosystems
Authors:	J. A. Villarraga Morales and L. D. Alvarado Nieto
Abstract:	Ecosystems like Páramos and High-Andean forests have a very important role as regulators of the water process for the majority of rivers in Colombia. For this reason, a simulation, which shows the main functions performed by them, was developed. Simple reactive agents was the technique used in order to simulate these ecosystems and their components. the results obtained reaffirm the ecological importance both (paramos and High-Andean forests) for Equatorial countries.
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Paper Nr:	11
Title:	Real World Examples of Agent based Decision Support Systems for Deep Learning based on Complex Feed Forward Neural Networks
Authors:	Harald R. Kisch and Claudia L. R. Motta
Abstract:	Nature frequently shows us phenomena that in many cases are not fully understood. To research these phenomena we use approaches in computer simulations. This article presents a model based approach for the simulation of human brain functions in order to create recurrent machine learning map fractals that enable the investigation of any problem trained beforehand. On top of a neural network for which each neuron is illustrated with biological capabilities like collection, association, operation, definition and transformation, a thinking model for imagination and reasoning is exemplified in this research. This research illustrates the technical complexity of our dual thinking process in a mathematical and computational way and describes two examples, where an adaptive and self-regulating learning process was applied to real world examples. In conclusion, this research exemplifies how a previously researched conceptual model (SLA process) can be used for making progress to simulate the complex systematics of human thinking processes and gives an overview of the next major steps for making progress on how artificial intelligence can be used to simulate natural learning.
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Area 5 - Complexity in EDA, Embedded Systems, and Computer Architecture

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Paper Nr:	5
Title:	Unikernels for Cloud Architectures: How Single Responsibility can Reduce Complexity, Thus Improving Enterprise Cloud Security
Authors:	Andreas Happe, Bob Duncan and Alfred Bratterud
Abstract:	Unikernels allow application deployment through custom-built minimal virtual machines. The authors investigate how unikernels and their inherent minimalism benefit system security. The analysis starts with common security vulnerability classes and their possible remediation. A platonic unikernel framework is used to describe how unikernels can solve common security problems, focusing both on a micro- and macro level. This theoretical framework is matched against an existing unikernel framework, and the resulting mismatch is used as a starting point for the research areas the authors are currently working on. We demonstrate how using a single responsibility unikernel- based architectural framework could be used to reduce complexity and thus improve enterprise cloud security.
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Area 6 - Complexity in Risk and Predictive Modeling

Short Papers

Paper Nr:	12
Title:	On the Use of CEP in Safety-critical Systems
Authors:	Veronika Abramova, Jorge Bernardino and Bruno Cabral
Abstract:	Safety-critical systems have to continuously manage risks, in order to handle hazardous situations and still be able to fulfil their purpose. While being composed by a variety of software, as well as hardware components, it is necessary for each part of these systems, alone and as a whole, to exhibit a required set of characteristics, necessary to ensure the correct system functioning. Complex Event Processing (CEP) systems have been used in a diversity of applications and, while they focus on fast data gathering and processing as well as in providing intelligence to their users, there is incomplete information about how they are adequate to integrate safety-critical systems. In this paper we investigate if the mainstream off-the-shelf CEP systems are suitable for safety-critical applications. We describe the use of complex event processing engines in safety-critical systems and how some authors enhance those to better correspond to the critical system requirements. We demonstrate that, although dependability is well handled in most CEP systems, the same cannot be assumed about security and safety attributes.
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Area 7 - Network Complexity

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Paper Nr:	1
Title:	Comparison of Network Topologies by Simulation of Advertising
Authors:	Imre Varga
Abstract:	Information spreading processes and advertising strategies are often studied by different epidemic models on a given topology. The goal of this paper is to discover and summarize the effect of underlying network topologies on a general spreading process. A complex set of different networks is studied by computer simulations from regular networks through random networks to different scale-free network topologies. The speed of spreading and the micro-scale features of these systems highlight the differences caused by different network topologies. This may help to plan for example advertising strategies on different social networks.
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